Fibroids, also known as uterine fibroids, are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. While they are common among women of reproductive age, their symptoms and severity can vary significantly. This blog will cover how fibroids are diagnosed and the various treatment options available.

How Are Fibroids Diagnosed?

1. Sonography (Ultrasound)

Sonography is one of the simplest and most widely used diagnostic tools for detecting fibroids. It is a routine test available in most large cities and even smaller towns and villages. Fibroids, regardless of their size—whether as small as a pea or as large as an orange—are easily visible through sonography.

A sonography test can provide details such as:

The number of fibroids
Their exact location within the uterus (muscle, cavity, or surface)
Their size and orientation

2. CT Scan and MRI

While sonography is often sufficient for diagnosis, some complex cases may require additional imaging. A CT scan or MRI may be used in situations where:

Fibroids are located in a challenging position, such as the cervix
The precise size and impact of fibroids on surrounding organs need to be determined
Blood vessels around the uterus need to be assessed before surgery

These advanced imaging techniques help in surgical planning, ensuring safer procedures and better outcomes.

3. Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is another diagnostic method used when fibroids project into the uterine cavity. This procedure allows doctors to:

Assess the size and position of fibroids
Plan for surgical removal via hysteroscopy
Decide whether an open or laparoscopic procedure is required

4. Laparoscopy

While laparoscopy is primarily used for treatment rather than diagnosis, it can sometimes aid in identifying fibroids during a minimally invasive surgical procedure.

5. X-Rays

X-rays are generally not useful for diagnosing fibroids and are rarely used in clinical practice for this condition.

Treatment Options for Fibroids

There is no single treatment approach for fibroids, as each case is unique. The treatment plan depends on factors such as:

The patient’s age
The size and number of fibroids
The location of the fibroids
Symptoms experienced by the patient (pain, excessive bleeding, infertility)
Whether the patient plans to have children in the future

1. Medical Management

For patients experiencing pain, the first step is often pain management using NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs). Medications can help manage symptoms but do not eliminate fibroids.

2. Surgical Options

When medical management is not sufficient, surgical intervention may be required. The choice of surgery depends on multiple factors:

Hysteroscopic Myomectomy: Used for fibroids inside the uterine cavity and can be performed without open surgery.
Laparoscopic Myomectomy: A minimally invasive technique for removing fibroids while preserving the uterus.
Open Surgery (Abdominal Myomectomy or Hysterectomy): In cases where fibroids are large or numerous, an open procedure may be necessary.

3. Beyond Surgery

For patients who cannot undergo surgery or prefer non-surgical treatments, alternative therapies include:

Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE): A procedure that reduces the blood supply to fibroids, causing them to shrink.
MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery (MRgFUS): A non-invasive technique that uses ultrasound waves to destroy fibroids.

Fibroids are a common condition, but with modern diagnostic tools like sonography, CT scans, MRI, and hysteroscopy, they can be easily detected. Treatment options range from medication and minimally invasive procedures to surgery, depending on individual circumstances. Consulting with a specialist can help determine the best course of action tailored to each patient’s needs.

If you suspect you have fibroids or are experiencing symptoms, speak with a healthcare provider to explore your options and receive appropriate care.

About Dr. Sangeeta Agrawal

Dr. Sangeeta Agrawal is an experienced gynecologist and women’s health specialist who provides compassionate and expert care to her patients. Her mission is to promote women’s health and wellness. She practices in Mumbai, India.

For more information, visit her website: https://gynecdoctor.com