Fibroid Surgery: Procedures and Recovery

Fibroids are a common concern among women, often causing discomfort and complications. While not all fibroids require treatment, in certain cases, surgical intervention becomes necessary. In this blog, we will explore the various surgical options available for fibroid removal, their benefits, and what patients can expect during recovery.

What Are Fibroids?

Fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyomas, are non-cancerous growths that develop in the uterus. They vary in size and location and may cause symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and reproductive complications.

When Is Surgery Required for Fibroids?

Not all fibroids require surgery. If a patient does not experience symptoms, doctors may recommend monitoring instead of immediate intervention. However, surgery becomes essential if fibroids lead to severe pain, excessive bleeding, or fertility issues.

Types of Fibroid Surgeries

When surgery is the recommended treatment, doctors consider factors such as the patient’s age, medical history, and desire for future pregnancies before selecting the appropriate procedure. The two primary surgical options include:

1. Myomectomy (Fibroid Removal Only)

A myomectomy is performed to remove fibroids while preserving the uterus. This procedure is beneficial for women who wish to maintain their fertility. There are different approaches to myomectomy:

Hysteroscopic Myomectomy

• Best for fibroids projecting into the uterine cavity
• Performed using a hysteroscope inserted through the vagina
• Minimally invasive with a quick recovery time

Laparoscopic Myomectomy

• Suitable for smaller, subserosal (outer-layer) fibroids
• Involves small incisions and a laparoscope for fibroid removal
• Less scarring and faster recovery

Open Myomectomy

• Required for larger or multiple fibroids
• Involves an abdominal incision, usually along the bikini line
• Longer recovery period but effective for complex cases

2. Hysterectomy (Uterus Removal)

In cases where fibroids cause severe symptoms and childbearing is no longer a concern, doctors may recommend a hysterectomy. This procedure completely removes the uterus and eliminates the risk of fibroid recurrence.

Types of Hysterectomy:

• Total Hysterectomy: Removal of the entire uterus, sometimes including the cervix.
• Partial Hysterectomy: Uterus is removed, but the cervix is preserved.
• Laparoscopic or Robotic Hysterectomy: Minimally invasive approach for quicker recovery.
• Open Hysterectomy: Requires a larger abdominal incision for severe cases.

What to Expect During Surgery and Recovery

During Surgery:

• The patient receives anesthesia to ensure a pain-free procedure.
• Special instruments are used to remove fibroids or the uterus, depending on the selected surgery.
• In open procedures, the doctor may use medications to reduce blood loss before removing the fibroids.

Post-Surgery Recovery:

• Hospital Stay: Patients undergoing open myomectomy or hysterectomy may need to stay in the hospital for 3-5 days. Minimally invasive procedures may require only 24-48 hours of hospitalization.
• Pain Management: Medications are prescribed to manage discomfort and prevent infections.
• Dietary Considerations: Liquid diets are introduced first, followed by semi-solid and solid foods within a few days.
• Rest and Activity: Open surgery patients need 4-6 weeks for full recovery, while laparoscopic procedures require about 2-3 weeks.
• Follow-Up Appointments: Essential to monitor healing and prevent complications.

Advantages of Laparoscopic Fibroid Surgery

• Smaller Incisions: Less visible scars
• Faster Recovery: Shorter hospital stay and quicker return to normal activities
• Reduced Blood Loss: Advanced techniques help minimize bleeding
• Lower Risk of Infection: Minimally invasive procedures have a lower risk of post-surgical infections

Surgical management of fibroids offers effective relief for women experiencing severe symptoms. Whether opting for myomectomy to preserve fertility or hysterectomy for complete removal, understanding the procedures and recovery process is crucial. If you suspect you have fibroids, consult a healthcare provider to determine the best course of action.

About Dr. Sangeeta Agrawal

Dr. Sangeeta Agrawal is an experienced gynecologist and women’s health specialist who provides compassionate and expert care to her patients. Her mission is to promote women’s health and wellness. She practices in Mumbai, India.

For more information, visit her website: https://gynecdoctor.com