Fibroids: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Uterine fibroids are a common health condition that affects many women worldwide. These non-cancerous growths develop in the uterus and can vary in size, number, and location. Dr. Sangeeta Agarwal, a renowned gynecologist specializing in women’s health, recently shared valuable insights about fibroids, their symptoms, causes, and treatment options. This blog aims to educate women about fibroids and help them make informed decisions regarding their health.

What Are Uterine Fibroids?

Fibroids, also known as leiomyomas or myomas, are benign tumors that grow in or around the uterus. They can range from the size of a pea to as large as a melon, sometimes occupying significant space within the abdomen. While some women may have just one or two fibroids, others may develop multiple growths, sometimes as many as 50.

Types of Fibroids

Fibroids can grow in different parts of the uterus, and their classification is based on their location:

1. Intramural Fibroids – These are the most common type and grow within the muscular wall of the uterus.
2. Submucosal Fibroids – These grow inside the uterine cavity and can cause heavy bleeding.
3. Subserosal Fibroids – These develop on the outer surface of the uterus and may exert pressure on nearby organs.
4. Broad Ligament Fibroids – These are located within the ligaments supporting the uterus and can cause discomfort and complications.

Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids

Not all women with fibroids experience symptoms. Some may discover them accidentally during routine ultrasounds. However, for those who do have symptoms, they can significantly impact daily life. Common symptoms include:

• Heavy menstrual bleeding – Increased flow and clot formation during periods.
• Pelvic pain and cramps – Pain during and outside of menstrual cycles.
• Frequent urination – Pressure on the bladder due to fibroid growth.
• Lower back pain – Caused by larger fibroids pressing against nerves.
• Pain during intercourse – Discomfort due to the location of the fibroid.
• Abdominal bloating – Enlargement of the uterus leading to a swollen abdomen.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of fibroids remains unknown, but several factors contribute to their development:

• Hormonal Imbalance – Estrogen and progesterone promote fibroid growth.
• Genetics – Family history increases the likelihood of developing fibroids.
• Obesity – Excess body weight can lead to increased estrogen levels.
• Diet and Lifestyle – High-fat diets and lack of exercise may contribute to fibroid growth.

Diagnosis of Fibroids

Doctors diagnose fibroids using:

• Ultrasound – The most common and non-invasive method.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) – Provides detailed images of fibroids.
• Hysteroscopy – A procedure to examine fibroids inside the uterus.
• Pelvic Examination – A manual examination to detect an enlarged uterus.

Treatment Options for Fibroids

The treatment for fibroids depends on the severity of symptoms, size, and location. Options include:

1. Medications

• Hormonal therapy to shrink fibroids.
• Pain relievers to manage symptoms.
• Iron supplements for anemia caused by heavy bleeding.

2. Minimally Invasive Procedures

• Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) – Cuts blood supply to fibroids, shrinking them.
• MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery (FUS) – Uses high-intensity ultrasound to destroy fibroids.

3. Surgical Options

• Myomectomy – Removes fibroids while preserving the uterus.
• Hysterectomy – Removes the uterus in severe cases, offering a permanent solution.

Fibroids are a common yet manageable condition that affects many women. Early detection and appropriate treatment can help manage symptoms effectively. If you or someone you know is experiencing fibroid-related issues, consult a gynecologist for proper diagnosis and treatment options.

By spreading awareness, we can help women take charge of their health and lead a better quality of life. If you found this information useful, share it with others to increase awareness about uterine fibroids.

About Dr. Sangeeta Agrawal

Dr. Sangeeta Agrawal is an experienced gynecologist and women’s health specialist who provides compassionate and expert care to her patients. Her mission is to promote women’s health and wellness. She practices in Mumbai, India.

For more information, visit her website: https://gynecdoctor.com