Postpartum Depression: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

Becoming a mother is often portrayed as one of the happiest moments in a woman’s life. Families celebrate the arrival of a newborn with joy and excitement. However, amidst this happiness, some new mothers experience a condition that is rarely discussed—Postpartum Depression (PPD).

To help us understand this sensitive topic, Dr. Sangeeta Agarwal, a well-known gynecologist, shares her insights on postpartum depression, its causes, symptoms, and how it can be managed effectively.

What is Postpartum Depression?

Postpartum depression is a mental health condition that affects 8-10% of new mothers. It is more severe than “baby blues” and can last for months if not treated properly.

What are Baby Blues?
Many new mothers (around 30-40%) experience mood swings, crying spells, irritability, and feelings of self-doubt a few days after childbirth. These are normal and usually subside within two weeks.

However, if these feelings persist and intensify, they can develop into postpartum depression, requiring medical attention.

Symptoms of Postpartum Depression

Unlike baby blues, postpartum depression is more severe and long-lasting. The symptoms may include:

1. Persistent Sadness and Anxiety – Feeling low or emotionally drained for long periods.
2. Loss of Interest in Activities – No enthusiasm for hobbies or daily activities.
3. Difficulty Bonding with the Baby – Feeling disconnected from the newborn.
4. Withdrawing from Family and Friends – Avoiding social interactions.
5. Changes in Appetite – Eating too much or too little.
6. Sleep Issues – Either insomnia or excessive sleep.
7. Extreme Fatigue – Feeling constantly tired despite resting.
8. Guilt and Self-Doubt – Feeling incapable of taking care of the baby.
9. Thoughts of Self-Harm or Suicide – In extreme cases, suicidal thoughts may arise.

If these symptoms persist for more than two weeks, seeking professional help is crucial.

Causes and Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression

Postpartum depression can happen to any mother, but certain factors increase the risk:

1. Biological Factors

• Hormonal Changes – After childbirth, estrogen and progesterone levels drop rapidly, affecting mood and emotions.
• History of Depression – Women with a past history of depression or anxiety are more prone to PPD.

2. Genetic Factors

• If family members have suffered from depression, the risk of PPD is higher.

3. Emotional and Social Factors

• Lack of Support – Absence of emotional or physical support from family and friends.
• Unplanned Pregnancy – Unexpected motherhood can add stress.
• Relationship Issues – Divorce, separation, or conflicts with the partner can contribute to depression.
• Financial Stress – Economic challenges may increase mental pressure.

How to Manage and Treat Postpartum Depression?

1. Medical Help

• Consult a doctor or mental health professional for diagnosis and treatment.
• Therapy or counseling can help address emotional issues.
• In severe cases, medication like antidepressants may be prescribed.

2. Emotional Support

• Talk to loved ones about your feelings.
• Join motherhood support groups.
• Spend quality time with friends and family.

3. Self-Care

• Adequate Sleep – Rest whenever possible.
• Healthy Diet – Nutritious food can help boost mood.
• Exercise – Light physical activity can improve mental well-being.
• Meditation and Yoga – Helps reduce stress and anxiety.

4. Partner and Family Role

• Partners and family members should be understanding and supportive.
• Sharing household responsibilities can reduce stress on the new mother.

When to Seek Immediate Help?

If a mother experiences:

• Persistent feelings of hopelessness or extreme sadness
• Suicidal thoughts
• Difficulty bonding with the baby
• Hallucinations or irrational fears

Then, immediate medical intervention is necessary.

Postpartum depression is a serious but treatable condition. It is important to recognize the signs early and seek help without hesitation. New mothers should not feel ashamed or guilty—mental health is as important as physical health.

By spreading awareness, supporting new mothers, and encouraging open conversations, we can help reduce the stigma around postpartum depression and ensure that every mother receives the care and support she deserves.

About Dr. Sangeeta Agrawal

Dr. Sangeeta Agrawal is an experienced gynecologist and women’s health specialist who provides compassionate and expert care to her patients. Her mission is to promote women’s health and wellness. She practices in Mumbai, India.

For more information, visit her website: https://gynecdoctor.com