Concerns about China’s control over critical minerals are prompting the US to reconsider deep-sea mining, despite warnings about the unknown ecological risks. Lawmakers and industry experts emphasized the importance of securing mineral supply chains for defense, clean energy, and advanced technologies. Congressman Scott Franklin highlighted the significance of resources like cobalt, nickel, and copper, essential for various industries in the US, cautioning against threats from countries like China.
Industry leaders expressed confidence in the US’s ability to advance in deep-sea mining, citing technological capabilities and regulatory frameworks. Gerard Barron, CEO of The Metals Company, assured lawmakers of the ability to manage risks effectively, pointing to extensive research and technological advancements that minimize environmental impact. Barron suggested that deep-seabed nodules could reduce the US’s reliance on imports, containing crucial metals for defense, AI, and energy sectors while causing minimal environmental disruption.
However, scientists raised concerns about the premature push for mining. Dr. Astrid Leitner, a deep-sea ecologist, emphasized the lack of sufficient data for responsible deep-sea mining development, citing gaps in understanding biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and long-term impacts. She warned of potential biodiversity loss, extinctions, and lasting or irreversible effects from mining activities.
Lawmakers from both parties acknowledged the uncertainties surrounding deep-sea mining. Ranking member Gabe Amo highlighted the ocean’s status as one of the least understood ecosystems globally, cautioning against potential long-lasting and irreversible consequences of missteps. The hearing also revealed the limited mapping and exploration of the ocean, with vast areas of American waters remaining unexplored.
