Lone actor terrorists are now utilizing drones for reconnaissance missions on potential targets, as highlighted by experts. The Islamic State has been actively promoting the use of Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) drones for both reconnaissance and attacks. These drones, readily available for public purchase, are mass-produced unmanned aerial vehicles designed for immediate use out of the box.
The easy accessibility and low noise signature of COTS drones have made them a preferred choice for terror groups. These drones, commonly used in sectors like construction and agriculture, have been modified by terror groups to carry and drop improvised explosive devices (IEDs). While preparing the IED remains a challenge, operating the COTS drones is relatively simple.
Counterterrorism experts emphasize that COTS drones can carry payloads of up to 2 to 5 kilograms, causing a significant psychological impact during attacks. The Islamic State not only encourages the use of drones for surveillance and IED strikes but also suggests using them to spray chemicals over mass gatherings to instill panic. India recognized the threat posed by COTS drones and imposed a ban in 2022 to promote indigenous drone development and enhance national security.
Authorities have raised concerns about the use of COTS drones by lone actor terrorists, citing them as a major threat. The ban on foreign drones aimed to prevent sensitive data leakage and promote local drone manufacturing. Reports indicate that such drones have been utilized for drug smuggling across borders, with attempts made to smuggle them into India from Pakistan.
