India has been ranked among the top 5 countries globally for private investment in infrastructure among low- and middle-income economies, according to the Economic Survey 2025-26. The survey highlights the significance of infrastructure in India’s growth strategy, with public capital expenditure showing a consistent increase since FY15. This growth has been attributed to initiatives like PM GatiShakti, the National Logistics Policy, and digital platforms that reduce transaction costs and risks.
The capital expenditure in India has surged significantly, increasing from Rs 2.63 lakh crore in FY18 to Rs 11.21 lakh crore in FY26 (BE). The effective capital expenditure for FY26 (BE) is estimated at Rs 15.48 lakh crore, positioning infrastructure as a crucial driver of growth due to its strong multiplier effects on the economy. The survey also notes a shift in India’s infrastructure financing landscape towards diversification beyond bank credit, with NBFC credit to the commercial sector growing at a CAGR of 43.3% during FY20–FY25.
India’s National Highway network has expanded by approximately 60% from 91,287 kms in FY14 to 1,46,572 kms in FY26. High-Speed Corridors have seen a tenfold increase, growing from 550 kms in FY14 to 5,364 km in FY26. The rail network has reached 69,439 route km as of March 2025, with significant electrification achievements by October 2025.
In the aviation sector, the number of airports in India has risen from 74 in 2014 to 164 in 2025. Domestic airports handled 412 million passengers in the last fiscal year, with projections to reach 665 million by FY31. Air cargo volume has also shown growth, increasing from 2.53 MMT in FY15 to 3.72 MMT in FY25.
