Defence cooperation, artificial intelligence, and emerging technologies are set to drive the next phase of India-United States relations. Despite ongoing political and trade challenges, both countries aim to maintain progress in key sectors. Dhruva Jaishankar, from the Observer Research Foundation America, highlighted the importance of sustained engagement in defence, technology, and energy for strengthening bilateral ties.
Jaishankar noted a positive trend in the India-US relationship, with frequent communication between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Donald Trump. While political engagement faced hurdles, cooperation in defence and energy sectors continued to advance. The focus on practical agreements in defence and energy has provided a stable foundation for future collaboration.
The defence sector stands out as a robust aspect of the partnership, with consistent military-to-military engagement. Progress has been seen in joint exercises, training programs, and defence sales. Jaishankar emphasized the need to move beyond sales towards joint defence co-production and development, especially in cutting-edge technologies like autonomous underwater systems and counter-drone capabilities.
In the realm of artificial intelligence (AI), both countries are increasingly engaged, although with differing priorities. India emphasizes quick deployment of AI applications for public benefit and commercial viability. In contrast, the US prioritizes leadership in advanced AI development, driven by strategic competition. Despite these differences, cooperation persists, with major US tech companies investing in India’s digital landscape.
Energy cooperation has also shown continuity, delivering tangible results amidst slower political engagement. While political momentum within the Quad framework has been delayed, working-level interactions have remained active. Jaishankar highlighted the importance of resolving trade issues, particularly tariffs, to unlock higher-level political discussions. He expressed hope for progress in trade talks by 2026, potentially coinciding with the US hosting the G20 summit.
