The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) achieved a significant milestone by completing a crucial hot test of its semi-cryogenic engine power head test article (PHTA) at a thrust level of 175 tonnes. This test, conducted at the ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC) in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu, is the eighth in a series of hot tests using the Power Head Test Article, excluding the thrust chamber.
The recent test focused on observing the engine’s performance during the build-up phase post pre-burner ignition and demonstrating steady-state operation at a notably higher thrust level. Operating at 175 tonnes of thrust, which is 88% of its full rated capacity, marked a first-time achievement for the engine powerhead. Previous tests were successful at 94 tonnes (47% thrust) and 120 tonnes (60% thrust), with the latest trial showcasing the main turbopumps functioning as intended, providing outlet pressures of 400 and 500 bar.
ISRO confirmed that the test progressed as anticipated, with all engine parameters well within the expected range during the firing. This successful demonstration has instilled the necessary confidence in the space agency to move forward with testing the engine at its maximum rated thrust of 200 tonnes, bringing the indigenous semi-cryogenic engine program closer to completion.
The Semi-Cryogenic Propulsion Stage (SC120), featuring the 2,000-kilonewton-class SE2000 engine, is designed to replace the current L110 liquid core stage of the Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM3), India’s heaviest operational launch vehicle. This upgrade is poised to enhance the rocket’s payload capacity significantly while boosting overall performance and operational efficiency. The semi-cryogenic engine, utilizing cleaner and non-toxic propellants—Liquid Oxygen (LOX) and purified kerosene (Isrosene), stands out from conventional propulsion systems.
