Pakistan’s water insecurity is a significant concern, often linked to India’s upstream position. However, a deeper issue lies in decades of poor domestic planning, underinvestment, and weak water governance undermining Pakistan’s water security despite its vast irrigation system.
The Indus Waters Treaty, a crucial agreement between India and Pakistan, has weathered significant geopolitical tensions over the years. Despite conflicts and terrorist attacks, India has consistently upheld the treaty, showcasing a rare commitment to cooperation in water management.
The decision by India to suspend the Indus Waters Treaty after a terrorist attack in 2025 reflects a strategic reassessment rather than a sudden policy shift. This move raises broader questions about the sustainability of international agreements amidst evolving political landscapes.
The discourse around the treaty should move beyond simplistic notions of “weaponizing water.” Instead, it should focus on the broader implications of state conduct on the longevity and effectiveness of such agreements. The enduring strain on the treaty’s foundational principles highlights the evolving dynamics between India and Pakistan.
