The World Health Organisation Regional Office for Europe (WHO/Europe) has unveiled its revised Heat-Health Action Plans Guidance, offering a scientific framework for global governments to implement heat protection measures efficiently. This updated guidance includes evidence-based recommendations on various aspects, such as enhancing local heat-warning systems and improving risk communication with vulnerable populations. Compared to the 2008 version, this new release integrates the latest research and practical insights.
Extreme heat is increasingly linked to a surge in heat-related health issues and premature deaths worldwide annually. Cardiovascular diseases are notably more prevalent or aggravated during hot weather. Factors like urbanization and a growing population at higher risk, including the elderly and individuals with existing health conditions, are heightening the threat of prolonged heatwaves to public health. WHO Regional Director for Europe, Hans Henri P Kluge, emphasized the urgency, stating that Europe is experiencing accelerated warming compared to other continents, with over 200,000 heat-related fatalities in the past four years alone.
Addressing the pressing issue, Kluge highlighted the preventable nature of heat-related deaths, stressing the importance of effective systems. He expressed a vision of zero heat-related fatalities, underscoring the feasibility of this goal with the right strategies in place. WHO/Europe’s data revealed that Italy has witnessed the highest number of premature heat-related deaths in Europe, followed by Spain, Germany, and Greece, with Greece reporting the highest rate per million inhabitants. Notably, Germany recorded approximately 2,500 heat-related deaths in 2025, with a significant impact on older individuals and those with pre-existing conditions.
