Meghalaya, known for its heavy rainfall, has experienced the most significant monsoon rainfall shortage among northeastern states this season, with a 74% drop below normal levels, as per India Meteorological Department data. The state received only 192.9 mm of rain from June 1 to July 1, far below the usual 750.8 mm, categorizing it as “large deficient.” On July 1 alone, Meghalaya saw just 3 mm of rainfall compared to the expected 28.7 mm, marking a nearly 90% deficit.
The sharp decrease in rainfall has raised concerns about its potential impact on agriculture, water resources, and the state’s ecologically fragile environment. This deficit is particularly significant for Meghalaya, home to Sohra (Cherrapunji) and Mawsynram, globally renowned for their high annual rainfall. The situation has reignited worries about shifting climatic patterns in the hilly state.
On World Environment Day, Rakkam A. Sangma, Chairman of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly Environment Committee, highlighted rising temperatures, altered rainfall patterns, water scarcity, and reduced rainfall due to climate change. He emphasized the need for intensified conservation efforts, such as afforestation and safeguarding natural water sources, to counter the long-term effects of climate change.
The rainfall shortage comes at a critical juncture during the kharif season, with Meghalaya’s farmers actively involved in paddy cultivation and horticulture. Concerns loom over potential delays in sowing, decreased soil moisture, and compromised crop yields if rainfall does not improve in the upcoming weeks. Environmental experts caution that deficient rainfall may lead to reduced river flows, impact groundwater recharge, and add pressure on the state’s biodiversity and tourism sector, which sees a surge in visitors during the monsoon.
East and Northeast India collectively faced a 40% rainfall deficit during the period, with Meghalaya showing the largest shortfall, followed by Manipur (71%), Nagaland (51%), and Arunachal Pradesh (45%). Sikkim was the only northeastern state to witness above-normal rainfall, with a 15% surplus.
