Pakistan is grappling with a significant challenge of food insecurity, which not only impacts the social sector but also poses risks to public health and the economy. Nearly one in four Pakistanis is experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity, leading to higher healthcare expenses, decreased labor productivity, and increased intergenerational poverty, as highlighted in an editorial by Business Recorder based in Karachi.
The ‘Food Insecurity Experience Scale’ findings from ‘HIES 2024–25’ reveal a concerning reality, indicating a clear and sustained deterioration despite references to progress and persistent challenges in ensuring equitable food access. The national level of moderate or severe food insecurity has surged from 15.92 percent in 2018–19 to 24.35 percent in 2024–25, affecting approximately 61 million Pakistanis living in uncertain food conditions.
Severe food insecurity has more than doubled from 2.37 percent to 5.04 percent, impacting around 12.6 million individuals facing extreme deprivation. These statistics reflect a deepening vulnerability rather than progress, with severe food insecurity indicating households running out of food entirely and enduring days without eating, as per the FAO definitions.
The consequences of food insecurity go beyond hunger, with moderate food insecurity leading to poor diet quality, micronutrient deficiencies, and increased obesity risks due to reliance on processed foods. Severe food insecurity escalates these issues, heightening the chances of physical illnesses, mental stress, and long-term health implications, as highlighted in the editorial. Children are particularly vulnerable, facing risks of stunting, wasting, impaired cognitive development, and compromised educational outcomes due to repeated exposure to food insecurity, impacting human capital and future productivity.
