Pakistan is facing a challenge as its large number of university graduates are finding it difficult to secure jobs in key labor markets like Japan and South Korea due to skills mismatch, leading to economic stagnation and social unrest, as per a report by The Express Tribune. The report highlighted concerns raised by the National Assembly’s Standing Committee on Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource Development regarding the lack of certified technical skills, language proficiency, and internationally recognized qualifications among graduates. Despite producing a significant number of graduates annually, Pakistani degrees often do not translate into employability abroad, with issues in qualifications recognition and vocational training systems falling short of global standards.
The report emphasized the need for Pakistan to overhaul its curricula in collaboration with industries to meet both domestic and international labor market demands. It suggested a shift towards technical and vocational training in sectors required by countries like Japan and South Korea. Structural reforms were deemed necessary to address the widening skills gap, with a call for universities to align their programs with market needs rather than operating in isolation.
Notably, Pakistan’s education expenditure stands at a mere 1.9% of its GDP, significantly lower than the global recommendation of 4 to 6%, with approximately 26.2 million children out of school. The curriculum lacks emphasis on digital skills, critical thinking, and practical learning, leaving the workforce unprepared for technological advancements. Surveys indicate that a considerable portion of graduates face challenges in employment due to skill gaps, contributing to a high youth unemployment rate of around 31%.
Moreover, Pakistan faces issues such as minimal research funding, a disconnect between higher education and industry requirements, and inadequate teacher training and professional development, further exacerbating the education and skills crisis in the country.
